Manifold Valves

Introduction to Manifold Valves

Ever wondered what a manifold valve is and how they work? In today’s article, we’ll give you an introduction to the design and functions of regular manifold valves, as well as explaining their advantages and some of the key features.

What is a manifold valve?

A manifold is a fluid or gas distribution system or device that serves to bring many valves into one place or a single channel into an area where many points meet. Manifold systems can range from simple supply chambers with several outlets, to multi-chambered flow control units. They are typically used to divide one supply input to multiple outputs. More complex systems can incorporate integral valves or an electronic network interface.

Manifolds can be found in a variety of equipment and applications throughout multiple industries. In the food and beverage industry they can be used to control the regulation of fluid flow in filling bottles. The medical industry uses them in blood analyzers, clinical diagnostics, laboratory equipment, and dialysis equipment. The agriculture industry uses them on planters, tractors, sprayers, and harvesters. Industrial industries use manifolds on forklifts and manufacturing equipment. Oil and gas use them with oil exploration, hydraulic fracturing, and extraction systems. Their ability to regulate fluid flow or power heavy machinery finds their use endless.

Types of Manifold Valves

Manifolds are typically sold with a particular number of valves based on the operation required. The most common are 2-valve, 3-valve and 5-valve assemblies.

2-valve manifolds are usually used on gauge pressure transmitters where there is a need to isolate the transmitter and vent the pressure off.

To calibrate the pressure transmitter.
Steps: Close the block valve and open the drain valve. Then connect the drain valve to the pressure generator to test the pressure

3-valve manifolds are normally used on differential pressure transmitters where it is necessary to block each process connection or equalize two sensor diaphragms.

To check the zero of the differential pressure transmitters, close the block valve and open the equalizing valve.
The 3-valve manifold is rarely used in the oil and gas industries, especially on offshore platforms, due to the absence of a test connection.
Some companies altered the 3-valve manifold, by providing a plugged test connection.

5-valve manifolds are also used on differential setups and provide the ability to block, equalize and vent two process connections.

To check the zero of the transmitter, close the block valve and open the equalizing valve.
To calibrate the transmitter for 3 or 5 point calibration, after the pressure is equalized, connect the test valve to a pressure generator.
This 5-way valve manifold is the most common valve manifold for a differential pressure transmitter.

There are multiple advantages when it comes to manifolds. The overall layout of the machine it will be a part of will be improved. It will allow for more space and a cleaner appearance, due to less cumbersome hoses and fluid connections. It will also increase energy efficiency due to shorter flow paths that minimize pressure drop and heat fluctuations. Manifolds reduce installation costs and fluid connections due to simpler compact design. They also lower the chance of oil leaks because of they reduce fatigue, and wear on joints.

If you'd like to find out more and are looking for experienced professionals in the design and manufacturing industry, you may contact Fujikin Singapore at enquiry@fujikin.com.sg or at +65 6848 5760.